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U+5B78, 學
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B78

[U+5B77]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5B79]

Translingual

More information Japanese, Simplified ...
More information Stroke order ...
More information Stroke order (alternative) ...

Han character

(Kangxi radical 39, +13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹月弓木 (HBND), four-corner 77407, composition 𦥯)

Derived characters

Further reading

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 280, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7033
  • Dae Jaweon: page 549, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1019, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5B78
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Chinese

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 學, Shang ...

Possibly a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡruːɡ): phonetic (OC *ɢraːw) + phonetic (OC *ruɡ). Later, 𦥑 was added to form 𦥯, and a semantic (“child”) was added for differentiation.

Another explanation is abbreviated (to teach) + 𦥑 (mingling hands; hands-on learning) + (house; roofed building) – a child learning in a roofed place. However, the oracle bone script does not include a child.

In the modern form, 六 has corrupted to (“cover”), and the hands 𦥑 around the have become connected with the 冖. Shuowen regards 𦥑 as the phonetic component in the character, which may be true according to some Old Chinese reconstructions such as that of Pan Wuyun's, though probably not others.

See also the top component of , which is a contraction of 學.

Etymology 1

More information trad., simp. ...

May be an endopassive derivation of (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ, “to awake, get insight”). Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk (to rouse; to awaken; to disturb).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • ò̤ - vernacular;
  • hă - literary.

  • Dialectal data
More information Variety, Location ...

More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to comprehend; to realise; to understand
  2. (transitive) to learn; to study
       xué   to study; to learn
    打算攝影打算摄影   Wǒ dǎsuàn xué shèyǐng.   I plan to learn photography.
    父母親希望但是願意 [MSC, trad.]
    父母亲希望但是愿意 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ fùmǔqīn xīwàng wǒ xué yī, dànshì wǒ bù yuànyì. [Pinyin]
    My parents hoped I would study medicine, but I didn't want to.
    老師唔該 [Cantonese, trad.]
    老师唔该 [Cantonese, simp.]
    lou5 si1 giu3 gik6 keoi5 dou1 m4 hang2 hok6 gong2 m4 goi1. [Jyutping]
    He refuses to learn to say thank you, even though his teacher asked him many times.
  3. to imitate; to copy; to mimic; to learn from
    鸚鵡鹦鹉   Yīngwǔ xué rén yǔ.   Parrots imitate human speech.
    妹妹什麼 [MSC, trad.]
    妹妹什么 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ mèimèi shénme dōu xué wǒ. [Pinyin]
    My little sister likes to copy everything I do.
    人哋食飯 [Cantonese, trad.]
    人哋食饭 [Cantonese, simp.]
    hok6 jan4 dei6 jung6 caa1 sik6 faan6 [Jyutping]
    imitate others and use a fork to eat
  4. school
       shàngxué   to go to school
       xiǎoxué   primary school
       xuéfèi   school fees
  5. learning; knowledge
       qiúxué   to seek knowledge
    才疏才疏   cáishūxuéqiǎn   to be of humble talent and shallow learning
  6. theory; doctrine
       xué   Confucianism
  7. subject; branch of learning; science; -ology
       huàxué   chemistry
    生物生物   shēngwùxué   biology
       zhéxué   philosophy
  8. (Cantonese) like; as
    話齋话斋 [Cantonese]   hok6 keoi5 waa6 zaai1 [Jyutping]   as he said
Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (がく) (gaku); (かく) (kaku)
  • Okinawan: (がく) (gaku)
  • Korean: 학(學) (hak)
  • Jeju: ᄒᆞᆨ (hawk)
  • Vietnamese: học ()

Etymology 2

More information trad., simp. ...

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (obsolete) alternative form of  / (xiào, to teach; to instruct; to train)

Etymology 3

More information trad., simp. ...

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. used in 學鳩学鸠

References

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Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of

Readings

  • Go-on: がく (gaku)
  • Kan-on: かく (kaku)
  • Kun: まなぶ (manabu, 學ぶ)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC haewk).

More information Historical readings ...

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

(eumhun 배울 (bae'ul hak))

  1. hanja form? of (to learn, to study; to be taught) [affix]
  2. hanja form? of (-logy, -ics, -graphy, study of...) [suffix]

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
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Vietnamese

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