Sulfotransferase

In biochemistry, sulfotransferases (SULTs) are transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group (R−SO−3) from a donor molecule to an acceptor alcohol (R−OH) or amine (R−NH₂).^[1] The most common sulfo group donor is 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS). In the case of alcohol as acceptor, the product is a sulfate (R−OSO−3):

${\displaystyle {\ce {R-SO3-}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-OH}}\quad {\xrightarrow[{\text{ SULT }}]{}}\quad {\ce {R-H}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-OSO3-}}}$

Sulfotransferase
Crystal Structure of Human Sulfotransferase SULT1A3 in Complex with Dopamine and 3-Phosphoadenosine 5-Phosphate
Identifiers
EC no.	2.8.2.-
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

whereas an amine leads to a sulfamate (R−NH−SO−3):

${\displaystyle {\ce {R-SO3-}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-NH2}}\quad {\xrightarrow[{\text{ SULT }}]{}}\quad {\ce {R-H}}\ +\ {\ce {R'-NHSO3-}}}$

Both reactive groups for a sulfonation via sulfotransferases may be part of a protein, lipid, carbohydrate or steroid.^[2]

General structure of a sulfonic acid with the blue marked functional group

Examples

The following are examples of sulfotransferases:

• carbohydrate sulfotransferase: CHST1, CHST2, CHST3, CHST4, CHST5, CHST6, CHST7, CHST8, CHST9, CHST10, CHST11, CHST12, CHST13, CHST14
• galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase: GAL3ST1, GAL3ST2, GAL3ST3, GAL3ST4
• heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase: HS2ST1
• heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase: HS3ST1, HS3ST2, HS3ST3A1, HS3ST3B1, HS3ST4, HS3ST5, HS3ST6
• heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase: HS6ST1, HS6ST2, HS6ST3
• N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase: NDST1, NDST2, NDST3, NDST4
• tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase: TPST1, TPST2
• uronyl-2-sulfotransferase
• Estrone sulfotransferase
• Chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase
• other: SULT1A1, SULT1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A4, SULT1B1, SULT1C2, SULT1C3, SULT1C4, SULT1D1P, SULT1E1, SULT2A1, SULT2B1, SULT4A1, SULT6B1

See also

• List of EC numbers (EC 2)#EC 2.8.2: Sulfotransferases
• Wikipedia:MeSH D08#MeSH D08.811.913.817 --- sulfur group transferases .28EC 2.8.29