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關

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: 関 and 关
關 U+95DC, 關
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95DC
← 闛
[U+95DB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 闝 →
[U+95DD]

Translingual

More information Traditional, Shinjitai ...

Han character

關 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 日弓女戈廿 (ANVIT), four-corner 77772, composition ⿵門𢇇)

Derived characters

  • 𡅭, 𡤡, 𢺄, 𣠸

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1341, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41470
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1845, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4316, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+95DC
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Chinese

More information trad., simp. ...
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (卵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

The bronze inscription was in the form of 門 (“door”) + 卝 (“locked door; two wooden sticks to lock a door”). 卝 might also serve as a phonetic component. The whole character represents a door locked with two wooden sticks.

Then, the character slightly evolved into Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kroːn): semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 𢇅, in which two couples of rings similar to 幺幺 are visible on top of the two wooden sticks.

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Southwestern Tai *klɔːnᴬ² (“latch of door; rafter”), whence Thai กลอน (glɔɔn) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note: kôn/gonˋ- used in 交關.
Note:
  • guŏng - vernacular;
  • guăng - literary.
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

關

  1. door bolt
  2. to close; to shut
    關窗子／关窗子  ―  guān chuāngzi  ―  close the window
    他在聖誕節時關了店鋪。 [MSC, trad.]
    他在圣诞节时关了店铺。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā zài shèngdànjié shí guān le diànpù. [Pinyin]
    He shut up his shop at Christmas.
    Antonym: 開 / 开 (kāi)
  3. to close down (a business)
  4. to lock up; to detain
    那囚犯被關在單人牢房內。 [MSC, trad.]
    那囚犯被关在单人牢房内。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nà qiúfàn bèi guān zài dānrén láofáng nèi. [Pinyin]
    The prisoner was locked in a cell.
  5. to turn off; to switch off
    關電燈／关电灯  ―  guān diàndēng  ―  to switch the light off
  6. (literary) to go through; to pass
  7. to concern; to implicate; to relate to
    至關重要／至关重要  ―  zhìguānzhòngyào  ―  extremely important
    這不關我的事。／这不关我的事。  ―  Zhè bù guān wǒ de shì.  ―  It does not concern me.
    這件事與我無關。 [MSC, trad.]
    这件事与我无关。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè jiàn shì yǔ wǒ wúguān. [Pinyin]
    This has nothing to do with me.
  8. frontier pass; border control; checkpoint (controlled passage)
    海關／海关  ―  hǎiguān  ―  customs (literally, "maritime checkpoint")
    過關／过关  ―  guòguān  ―  to break through a pass; to go through border control
    居庸關／居庸关  ―  Jūyōngguān  ―  Juyong Pass
  9. (specifically) Shanhai Pass
    關東／关东  ―  guāndōng  ―  east of the Shanhai Pass
  10. area just outside a city gate
    城關／城关  ―  chéngguān  ―  area immediately outside a city gate
  11. difficult time; critical juncture
    難關／难关  ―  nánguān  ―  crisis; difficulty
    年關／年关  ―  niánguān  ―  end of the year (time for settling accounts)
  12. key; crucial part
  13. (video games) level
  14. (traditional Chinese medicine) short for 關上／关上 (guānshàng, “guan, a pulse position on the wrist”)
  15. (dated) to issue or receive payment
    關餉／关饷  ―  guānxiǎng  ―  to issue or receive pay
  16. a surname
    關羽／关羽  ―  Guān Yǔ  ―  Guan Yu (Chinese general of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period)
    關漢卿／关汉卿  ―  Guān Hànqīng  ―  Guan Hanqing (Yuan dynasty dramatist)
Synonyms
  • (to close):
Dialectal synonyms of 關 (“to close (a door, gate, etc.)”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...
  • (to close down): (Cantonese) 執 / 执 (zap1)
  • (to lock up): (Cantonese) 困 (wan3)
  • (to turn off):
    • (Cantonese, Hakka) 閂／闩
    • (Cantonese) 熄 (sik1)
    • (Singapore Hokkien, Penang Hokkien) 崁 (khàm)
  • (frontier pass): 關口／关口 (guānkǒu)
  • (level): 關卡／关卡 (guānqiǎ)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (關):
  • → Japanese: 関(かん) (kan)
  • → Korean: 관(關) (gwan)
  • → Vietnamese: quan (關)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 關 – see 彎 (“to bend; to make bent; to turn; to make a turn; to change direction; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of 彎).
Notes:

References

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Japanese

Shinjitai

 関

Kyūjitai

 關

Kanji

關

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 関)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 関

Readings

Proper noun

More information Kanji in this term ...

關(せき) • (Seki) 

  1. a surname

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 關 (MC kwaen). Recorded as Middle Korean 관 (kwan) (Yale: kwan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

關 (eumhun 빗장 관 (bitjang gwan))

  1. hanja form? of 관 (“relation; barrier”)

Compounds

Etymology 2

Related to Middle Chinese 彎 (MC 'waen).

Hanja

關 (eumhun 당길 완 (danggil wan))

  1. (literary Chinese) alternative form of 彎 (“hanja form? of 완 (“stretching a bow; to draw a bow”)”)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
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Vietnamese

Han character

關: Hán Nôm readings: quan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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