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U+58DE, 壞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58DE

[U+58DD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+58DF]

Translingual

More information Traditional, Shinjitai ...

Han character

(Kangxi radical 32, +16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 土卜田女 (GYWV), four-corner 44132, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 242, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5590
  • Dae Jaweon: page 481, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 500, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+58DE
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Chinese

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 壞, Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡruːls): semantic (earth) + phonetic (OC *ɡruːl, *ɡruːl). The radical of the earth is used since something that rots eventually becomes earth.

Etymology 1

More information trad., simp. ...

Compare Tibetan འདྲུལ ('drul, to become putrid/rotten), Tibetan བྲུལ (brul, crumbles) (Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • huai7 - literary;
  • huai1 - vernacular.

More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

  1. bad
       huàirén   bad person
    習慣习惯   huài xíguàn   bad habits
  2. rotten; spoiled
    雞蛋鸡蛋   huài jīdàn   rotten egg
    蘋果苹果   Zhè píngguǒ huài le.   This apple is rotten.
    牛奶牛奶   Niúnǎi huài le.   The milk is spoiled.
  3. to spoil; to ruin
    大事大事   huài le dàshì   to ruin an important thing
    過期牛奶肚子 [MSC, trad.]
    过期牛奶肚子 [MSC, simp.]
    Guòqī de niúnǎi hē le huì huài dùzi. [Pinyin]
    Drinking expired milk will (would cause or lead to) upset stomach (gastrointestinal symptoms).
  4. to break; to stop working
    鏡子镜子   jìngzǐ shuāi huài le   to have smashed a mirror
    聽說掃地機器人容易 [MSC, trad.]
    听说扫地机器人容易 [MSC, simp.]
    Tīngshuō sǎodì jīqìrén hěn róngyì huài. [Pinyin]
    I've heard that robot vacuums breaks (stops working) very easily.
    而家真係犀利 [Cantonese, trad.]
    而家真系犀利 [Cantonese, simp.]
    dou3 ji4 gaa1 dou1 zung6 mei6 waai6, zan1 hai6 sai1 lei6. [Jyutping]
    It's amazing, it hasn't broken.
  5. (Classical) to collapse
  6. (Classical) to demolish; to destroy
  7. bad idea; dirty trick
  8. extremely; very; highly
       xià huài le   to be badly scared
Synonyms
  • (bad):
  • (to spoil):
  • (to ruin):
  • (extremely):
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of bad): (hǎo)

Compounds

Etymology 2

More information trad., simp. ...

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Cantonese) naughty; mischievous; rebellious; disobedient
Synonyms

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 156.
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Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. Kyūjitai form of : break

Readings

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC kweajH).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kwe̞(ː)] ~ [kø̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

(eumhun 무너질 (muneojil goe))

  1. hanja form? of (to break; to collapse)

Compounds

  • 괴결 (壞決, goegyeol)
  • 괴고 (壞苦, goego)
  • 괴락 (壞落, goerak)
  • 괴란 (壞亂, goeran)
  • 괴멸 (壞滅, goemyeol)
  • 괴변 (壞變, goebyeon)
  • 괴사 (壞死, goesa)
  • 괴색 (壞色, goesaek)
  • 괴손 (壞損, goeson)
  • 괴저 (壞疽, goejeo)
  • 괴폐 (壞廢, goepye)
  • 도괴 (倒壞, dogoe)
  • 반괴 (半壞, ban'goe)
  • 부괴 (腐壞, bugoe)
  • 붕괴 (崩壞, bunggoe)
  • 손괴 (損壞, son'goe)
  • 자괴 (自壞, jagoe)
  • 잔괴 (殘壞, jan'goe)
  • 전괴 (全壞, jeon'goe)
  • 파괴 (破壞, pagoe)
  • 훼괴 (毁壞, hwegoe)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
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Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: hoại, hoải, hoai

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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