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聞

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: 闻, 間, and 閒
聞 U+805E, 聞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-805E
← 聝
[U+805D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 聟 →
[U+805F]

Translingual

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More information Stroke order (Japan) ...

Alternative forms

This character has a slight difference between Chinese and Japanese forms.

  • In Chinese: 聞
  • in Japanese: 聞
  • in Korean: 聞

Han character

聞 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 日弓尸十 (ANSJ), four-corner 77401, composition ⿵門耳)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 968, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29104
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1418, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4294, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+805E
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Chinese

More information trad., simp. ...

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (門) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mɯn, *mɯns): phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 耳 (“ear”). Compare 問 (OC *mɯns).

Etymology

Schuessler derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mnəm (“to smell”), whence Tibetan མནམ་པ (mnam pa, “to smell of”), Tibetan སྣོམ་པ (snom pa, “to smell”), Jingpho manam (mə³¹ nam⁵⁵, “smell”), Burmese နမ် (nam, “to smell”), Burmese နံ (nam, “to stink”) (Schuessler, 2007). It is very phonetically difficult, requiring an inversion of n and m in Chinese (which Schuessler attributes to labial dissimilation or prefix-preemption) in addition to rejecting the Baxter-Sagart reconstruction with a *u in favour of reconstructing *ə instead (*u and *ə are difficult to distinguish before *-n). The reconstruction with *u is solidified by rhyming patterns in the Classic of Poetry, making Schuessler's etymology impossible.

In almost all major Tibeto-Burman languages, this etymon means only "to smell". Schuessler explains the application of "to hear" in Chinese via various influences. He sees a parallel in Tibeto-Burman *na "ear ~ nose" and hence perhaps in Sino-Tibetan (see *r/g-na (“ear”)). The Chinese stem may have converged with a Mon-Khmer etymon (cf. Proto-Monic *smaaɲ (“to inquire”) (ibid.). Schuessler also notes Tibetan མཉན་པ (mnyan pa, “to listen to; to hear”), which he deems phonologically quite close to Chinese.

Pronunciation 2 ("be heard about; renowned; fame") is a derivation of pronunciation 1, with passive suffix *-s (ibid.).

問 (OC *mɯns, “to ask”) is the exoactive derivation of pronunciation 1 with suffix *-s, literally "let (me) hear" (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • 3men - colloquial;
  • 3ven - literary.
    More information Rime, Character ...
    More information Character, Reading # ...
    More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

    Definitions

    聞

    1. (literary or Jiangyong Tuhua) to hear; to listen
      百聞不如一見／百闻不如一见  ―  bǎi wén bùrú yī jiàn  ―  seeing is believing (literally, “hearing something one hundred times is not as good as seeing it once”)
    2. to smell; to detect; to get a sniff at
      聞味道／闻味道  ―  wén wèidào  ―  to smell the scent
      我乜嘢都聞唔到嘅？ [Cantonese, trad.]
      我乜嘢都闻唔到嘅？ [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 mat1 je5 dou1 man4 m4 dou3 ge2? [Jyutping]
      Why don't I smell anything?
    3. (literary) to spread; to transmit
    4. (literary) to be famous
    5. knowledge; expertise
    6. news; message
      新聞／新闻  ―  xīnwén  ―  news
      奇聞／奇闻  ―  qíwén  ―  thrilling or fantastic story
    7. a surname
      聞一多／闻一多  ―  Wén Yīduō  ―  Wen Yiduo (Chinese poet)
    Synonyms
    Dialectal synonyms of 聽 (“to hear; to listen”) [map]
    More information Variety, Location ...
    Dialectal synonyms of 聞 (“to smell”) [map]
    More information Variety, Location ...

    Compounds

    Pronunciation 2

    More information Rime, Character ...
    More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

    Definitions

    聞

    1. (literary) reputation; renown; prestige
    2. (literary) famous; renowned

    Compounds

    • 不求聞達 / 不求闻达
    • 名聞 / 名闻
    • 聞人 / 闻人
    • 聞問 / 闻问
    • 聞望 / 闻望
    • 聞達 / 闻达 (wéndá)
    • 聲聞 / 声闻
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    Japanese

    Kanji

    聞

    (Second grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. to hear
    2. to ask

    Readings

    • Go-on: もん (mon, Jōyō)
    • Kan-on: ぶん (bun, Jōyō)
    • Kun: きく (kiku, 聞く, Jōyō)、きこえる (kikoeru, 聞こえる, Jōyō)、きこえ (kikoe)

    Compounds

    Etymology

    More information Kanji in this term ...

    From Middle Chinese 聞 (MC mjun|mjunH).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    聞(ぶん) • (bun) 

    1. the act of hearing something

    Korean

    Hanja

    聞 (eumhun 들을 문 (deureul mun))

    1. hanja form? of 문 (“hear”)

    Compounds

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    聞: Hán Nôm readings: văn, vẳn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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