Thulium

Thulium, ₆₉Tm

Thulium
Pípè	/ˈθjuːliəm/ ​(THEW-lee-əm)
Ìhànsójú	silvery gray
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Tm)	168.934218(6)[1]
Thulium ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson - ↑ Tm ↓ Md erbium ← thulium → ytterbium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)	69
Ẹgbẹ́	group n/a
Àyè	àyè 6
Àdìpọ̀	Àdìpọ̀-f
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì	Lanthanide
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù	[Xe] 4f13 6s2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan	2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STP	solid
Ìgbà ìyọ́	1818 K ​(1545 °C, ​2813 °F)
Ígbà ìhó	2223 K ​(1950 °C, ​3542 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)	9.32 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	8.56 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	16.84 kJ/mol
Heat of	247 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.03 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1117 1235 1381 1570 (1821) (2217)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +3 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.25
Atomic radius	empirical: 176 pm
Covalent radius	190±10 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of thulium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​hexagonal
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (poly) 13.3 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity	16.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (poly) 676 n Ω·m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic at 300 K
Young's modulus	74.0 GPa
Shear modulus	30.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	44.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.213
Vickers hardness	520 MPa
Brinell hardness	471 MPa
CAS Number	7440-30-4
Main isotopes of thulium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 167Tm syn 9.25 d ε 0.748 167Er 168Tm syn 93.1 d ε 1.679 168Er 169Tm 100% 169Tm is stable with 100 neutrons 170Tm syn 128.6 d β− 0.968 170Yb 171Tm syn 1.92 y β− 0.096 171Yb
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