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挺

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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挺 U+633A, 挺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-633A
← 挹
[U+6339] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 挻 →
[U+633B]

Translingual

Han character

挺 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手弓大土 (QNKG), four-corner 52041, composition ⿰扌廷)

Derived characters

  • 𮐄

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 432, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12106
  • Dae Jaweon: page 781, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1869, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+633A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (廷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ).

Etymology 1

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)ljaŋ (“straight; straighten”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2003, 2007). Compare Burmese ဖြောင့် (hpraung., “straight”), as well as the following Chinese terms:

  • 𡈼 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, “good, virtuous; to be good at”)
  • 庭 (OC *l'eːŋ, “straight (of growing grain), upright (of morality); courtyard”)
  • 梃 (OC *l'eːŋʔ, “stick, staff, club”)
  • 筳 (OC *l'eːŋ, “bamboo rod”)
  • 鋌 (OC *l'eːŋʔ, “metal rod, ingot”)
  • 珽 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, “jade scepter”)

The Sino-Tibetan root is allofamic with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)ljaŋ (“plank, palm, flat surface, wing”) (whence 平 (OC *ben, *beŋ, “flat, even”)) and Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)liŋ (“full; to fill”) (whence 盈 (OC *leŋ, “to fill; full, surplus”)), with the semantic core of these roots being a "complete realization of a dimensional quality".

The intensifier usage “quite; very” is most likely a grammaticalized usage from “outstanding; prominent” (Liu, 2008; Yang, 2021). Alternatively, it may be from Manchu ᡨᡝᠨ (ten, “extreme”) (Aixinjueluo, 1993).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tháⁿ, thán, thíⁿ - vernacular;
  • théng - literary.
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

挺

  1. straight; erect
    筆挺／笔挺  ―  bǐtǐng  ―  straight; erect
  2. to stick out; to straighten up
    挺起胸膛  ―  tǐng qǐ xiōngtáng  ―  to proudly put one's chest out
    挺直條腰／挺直条腰 [Cantonese]  ―  ting5 zik6 tiu4 jiu1 [Jyutping]  ―  to straighten up one's back
  3. to endure; to stand
    我挺不住了。  ―  Wǒ tǐng bùzhù le.  ―  I can no longer endure this.
    挺過這道坎兒／挺过这道坎儿  ―  tǐng guò zhè dào kǎnr  ―  to persist and overcome this hurdle
  4. to support
    我是挺你的！  ―  Wǒ shì tǐng nǐ de!  ―  I support you!
  5. outstanding; prominent
  6. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) quite; rather; pretty; very
    挺不錯／挺不错  ―  tǐng bùcuò  ―  quite good
    挺可愛／挺可爱  ―  tǐng kě'ài  ―  quite cute
  7. (Shanghainese, Suburban Shanghainese Wu) to remain; to be left behind
    挺下來個餅乾 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    挺下来个饼干 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    5thin-gho6-le6-gheq 5pin-koe1 [Wugniu]
    the biscuits that are left behind
  8. Classifier for machine guns.
Usage notes

In Standard Mandarin, the degree of 挺 is usually less than 很 (hěn) and 非常 (fēicháng).

Synonyms
  • (to support):
  • (outstanding):
  • (quite):
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...
  • (to remain):

Compounds

  • 伏地挺身 (fúdì tǐngshēn)
  • 傲然挺立
  • 前挺
  • 堅挺 / 坚挺 (jiāntǐng)
  • 孤挺花 (gūtǐnghuā)
  • 峻挺
  • 廝挺 / 厮挺
  • 打挺兒 / 打挺儿
  • 抬頭挺胸 / 抬头挺胸
  • 拍馬挺鎗 / 拍马挺枪
  • 挺住 (tǐngzhù)
  • 挺刑
  • 挺妥
  • 挺尸
  • 挺屍 / 挺尸
  • 挺拔 (tǐngbá)
  • 挺拔不群
  • 挺挺
  • 挺撞
  • 挺撅挺橫 / 挺撅挺横
  • 挺然
  • 挺然卓立
  • 挺生
  • 挺直 (tǐngzhí)
  • 挺矛 (tǐngmáo)
  • 挺秀
  • 挺立 (tǐnglì)
  • 挺節 / 挺节
  • 挺胸 (tǐngxiōng)
  • 挺胸凸肚
  • 挺胸疊肚 / 挺胸叠肚
  • 挺脫 / 挺脱
  • 挺腳 / 挺脚
  • 挺腰
  • 挺腰子
  • 挺舉 / 挺举 (tǐngjǔ)
  • 挺解
  • 挺起胸膛
  • 挺身 (tǐngshēn)
  • 挺身而出 (tǐngshēn'érchū)
  • 挺進 / 挺进 (tǐngjìn)
  • 挺過去 / 挺过去
  • 揚眉挺身 / 扬眉挺身
  • 昂頭挺立 / 昂头挺立
  • 昂首挺立
  • 昂首挺胸
  • 死挺挺
  • 牽挺 / 牵挺
  • 直挺挺 (zhítǐngtǐng)
  • 直而不挺
  • 硬挺 (yìngtǐng)
  • 筆挺 / 笔挺 (bǐtǐng)
  • 英挺 (yīngtǐng)
  • 陰挺 / 阴挺

Etymology 2

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 停?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

挺

  1. (Cantonese) kind; sort; type

Compounds

  • 中挺

References

  • “挺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “挺”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 275.
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Japanese

Kanji

挺

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: じょう (jō)←でう (deu, historical)
  • Kan-on: てい (tei)
  • On: ちょう (chō)←てう (teu, historical)
  • Kun: ぬく (nuku, 挺く)

Etymology

More information Kanji in this term ...

Counter

挺(ちょう) • (-chō) 

  1. long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, candles, inksticks

Compounds

  • 空(くう)挺(てい) (kūtei): airborne

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

挺 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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Vietnamese

Han character

挺: Hán Nôm readings: đĩnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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