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依
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
依 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人卜竹女 (OYHV), four-corner 20232, composition ⿰亻衣)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 102, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 607
- Dae Jaweon: page 217, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 152, character 8
- Unihan data for U+4F9D
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qɯl): semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 衣 (OC *qɯl, *qɯls).
Etymology 1
Probably cognate with 倚 (OC *qralʔ, *qrals) (Wang, 1982). Perhaps 因 (OC *qin) is an allofam (Pulleyblank, 1991), though the vowels do not agree (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ji1
- Gan (Wiktionary): i1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): ĭ
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): i1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1i
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yī
- Zhuyin: ㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yi
- Wade–Giles: i1
- Yale: yī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yi1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji1
- Yale: yī
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji1
- Guangdong Romanization: yi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: i1
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: iˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /i²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: rhiˋ
- Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵³/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i1
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: 'j+j
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔəj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qɯl/
Definitions
依
- to lean on
- to rely on; to depend on
- to obey; to comply with; to agree to
- according to; in accordance with; in light of; in a manner conforming to; in compliance with
- used in 依稀 (yīxī)
- a surname, Yi
Synonyms
- (to rely on):
- 仗恃 (zhàngshì) (literary, chiefly derogatory)
- 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng)
- 仰賴 / 仰赖 (yǎnglài)
- 依仗 (yīzhàng)
- 依倚 (Hokkien)
- 依恃 (yīshì) (literary)
- 依歸 / 依归 (yīguī) (literary)
- 依託 / 依托 (yītuō)
- 依賴 / 依赖 (yīlài)
- 依附 (yīfù)
- 依靠 (yīkào)
- 倚仗 (yǐzhàng)
- 倚倚 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 借助 (jièzhù)
- 倚賴 / 倚赖 (yǐlài)
- 倚靠 (yǐkào)
- 寄 (jì)
- 展品棒 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 怙恃 (hùshì) (literary)
- 憑 / 凭 (píng)
- 憑仗 / 凭仗 (píngzhàng)
- 憑依 / 凭依 (píngyī)
- 憑借 / 凭借 (píngjiè)
- 憑恃 / 凭恃 (píngshì)
- 憑靠 / 凭靠 (píngkào)
- 指 (zhǐ)
- 據 / 据
- 歸依 / 归依 (guīyī) (literary)
- 聊 (liáo) (formal)
- 賴 / 赖 (lài) (literary, or in compounds only)
- (according to):
Compounds
- 一依舊式 / 一依旧式
- 三歸依 / 三归依
- 不依 (bùyī)
- 世依
- 主依
- 依人籬下 / 依人篱下
- 依仁
- 依仗 (yīzhàng)
- 依依 (yīyī)
- 依依不捨 / 依依不舍 (yīyībùshě)
- 依依難捨 / 依依难舍
- 依偎 (yīwēi)
- 依傍 (yībàng)
- 依允
- 依力克其 (Yīlìkèqí)
- 依原
- 依吞布拉克 (Yītūnbùlākè)
- 依存 (yīcún)
- 依官仗勢 / 依官仗势
- 依實 / 依实
- 依山傍水 (yīshānbàngshuǐ)
- 依序 (yīxù)
- 依從 / 依从 (yīcóng)
- 依循 (yīxún)
- 依憑 / 依凭 (yīpíng)
- 依戀 / 依恋 (yīliàn)
- 依戴
- 依據 / 依据 (yījù)
- 依時 / 依时
- 依棲 / 依栖
- 依樣葫蘆 / 依样葫芦
- 依次 (yīcì)
- 依正
- 依歸 / 依归 (yīguī)
- 依法 (yīfǎ)
- 依法炮製 / 依法炮制
- 依流平進 / 依流平进
- 依然 (yīrán)
- 依然如故
- 依然如舊 / 依然如旧
- 依然故我 (yīrángùwǒ)
- 依照 (yīzhào)
- 依稀 (yīxī)
- 依約 / 依约 (yīyuē)
- 依舊 / 依旧 (yījiù)
- 依般
- 依草附木
- 依蓋爾其 / 依盖尔其 (Yīgài'ěrqí)
- 依蘭 / 依兰 (yīlán)
- 依計行事 / 依计行事
- 依託 / 依托 (yītuō)
- 依賴 / 依赖 (yīlài)
- 依賴性 / 依赖性 (yīlàixìng)
- 依贊 / 依赞
- 依違 / 依违
- 依違兩可 / 依违两可
- 依還 / 依还
- 依附 (yīfù)
- 依阿兩可 / 依阿两可
- 依阿取容
- 依隨 / 依随 (yīsuí)
- 依靠 (yīkào)
- 依韻 / 依韵
- 依順 / 依顺 (yīshùn)
- 依頭縷當 / 依头缕当
- 依頭順尾 / 依头顺尾
- 依麻木 (Yīmámù)
- 傍門依戶 / 傍门依户
- 克拉瑪依 / 克拉玛依 (Kèlāmǎyī)
- 加依 (Jiāyī)
- 加依提勒克 (Jiāyītílèkè)
- 千依百順 / 千依百顺
- 千依萬順 / 千依万顺
- 吉格代加依 (Jígédàijiāyī)
- 喻依
- 四依
- 因依 (yīnyī)
- 失依兒童 / 失依儿童
- 奎依巴格 (Kuíyībāgé)
- 奧依亞依拉克 / 奥依亚依拉克 (Àoyīyà Yīlākè)
- 奧依托格拉克 / 奥依托格拉克 (Àoyītuō Gélākè)
- 孑然無依 / 孑然无依
- 孤苦無依 / 孤苦无依 (gūkǔwúyī)
- 小鳥依人 / 小鸟依人 (xiǎoniǎoyīrén)
- 巴依阿瓦提 (Bāyī'āwǎtí)
- 布依族 (Bùyīzú)
- 形影相依
- 憑依 / 凭依 (píngyī)
- 托依堡勒迪 (Tuōyī Bǎolèdí)
- 拉依喀
- 斧依
- 歸依 / 归依 (guīyī)
- 烏魯克薩依 / 乌鲁克萨依 (Wūlǔkèsàyī)
- 無依無靠 / 无依无靠 (wúyīwúkào)
- 無靠無依 / 无靠无依 (wúkàowúyī)
- 百依百隨 / 百依百随
- 百依百順 / 百依百顺 (bǎiyībǎishùn)
- 百順百依 / 百顺百依
- 皈依 (guīyī)
- 相依 (xiāngyī)
- 相依為命 / 相依为命 (xiāngyīwéimìng)
- 眾望所依 / 众望所依
- 瞻依
- 脣齒相依 / 唇齿相依 (chúnchǐxiāngyī)
- 膘爾托闊依 / 膘尔托阔依 (Biāo'ěrtuōkuòyī)
- 臨別依依 / 临别依依
- 薩依巴格 / 萨依巴格 (Sàyībāgé)
- 輔車相依 / 辅车相依
- 轉依 / 转依
- 達里雅布依 (Dálǐyǎ Bùyī)
- 阿依庫勒 / 阿依库勒 (Āyīkùlè)
- 阿克薩拉依 / 阿克萨拉依 (Ākèsàlāyī)
- 離情依依 / 离情依依
- 頓失所依 / 顿失所依
- 飛鳥依人 / 飞鸟依人
Etymology 2
Dialectal variant of 呢 (ni1).
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji1
- Yale: yī
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji1
- Guangdong Romanization: yi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
依
Synonyms
Compounds
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 阿?”)
Pronunciation
- Eastern Min (BUC): ĭ
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Definitions
依
- (Eastern Min) Used in front of persons' given names or kinship terms to express familiarity.
Compounds
Etymology 4
| For pronunciation and definitions of 依 – see 𪘲 (“to grin, to smile”). (This character is a variant form of 𪘲). |
References
- “依”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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Japanese
Kanji
依
- be due to, be caused by
- rely on, depend on
- be based on, have as a basis
- based in, based at, operate out of
Readings
Related terms
- 依って (yotte)
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 依 (MC 'j+j).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
Affix
- rely on; depend on
- according to
- as before
- 依然 ― izen ― same as before, still
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 依 (MC 'j+j).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
Affix
Korean
Hanja
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
依: Hán Nôm readings: y, e, ỷ, ỉa
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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